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                                        mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables
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<div>
<h3 class="title"><a name="mysql-upgrade"></a>4.4.5 <span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span> — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables</h3>

</div>

</div>

</div>
<a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290877968"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290877024"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290876080"></a>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">

<div class="admon-title">
Note
</div>
<p>
          As of MySQL 8.0.16, the MySQL server performs the upgrade
          tasks previously handled by <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a>
          (for details, see
          <a class="xref" href="upgrading-what-is-upgraded.html" title="2.11.3 What the MySQL Upgrade Process Upgrades">Section 2.11.3, “What the MySQL Upgrade Process Upgrades”</a>). Consequently,
          <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> is unneeded and is deprecated
          as of that version, and will be removed in a future MySQL
          version. Because <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> no longer
          performs upgrade tasks, it exits with status 0
          unconditionally.
</p>
</div>
<p>
        Each time you upgrade MySQL, you should execute
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a>, which looks for
        incompatibilities with the upgraded MySQL server:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
            It upgrades the system tables in the
            <code class="literal">mysql</code> schema so that you can take
            advantage of new privileges or capabilities that might have
            been added.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
            It upgrades the Performance Schema,
            <code class="literal">INFORMATION_SCHEMA</code>, and
            <code class="literal">sys</code> schema.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
            It examines user schemas.
</p></li></ul>
</div>
<p>
        If <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> finds that a table has a
        possible incompatibility, it performs a table check and, if
        problems are found, attempts a table repair. If the table cannot
        be repaired, see <a class="xref" href="rebuilding-tables.html" title="2.11.13 Rebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes">Section 2.11.13, “Rebuilding or Repairing Tables or Indexes”</a> for manual
        table repair strategies.
      </p><p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> communicates directly with the
        MySQL server, sending it the SQL statements required to perform
        an upgrade.
</p>
<div class="caution" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">

<div class="admon-title">
Caution
</div>
<p>
          You should always back up your current MySQL installation
          <span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span> performing an upgrade. See
          <a class="xref" href="backup-methods.html" title="7.2 Database Backup Methods">Section 7.2, “Database Backup Methods”</a>.
        </p><p>
          Some upgrade incompatibilities may require special handling
          <span class="emphasis"><em>before</em></span> upgrading your MySQL installation
          and running <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a>. See
          <a class="xref" href="upgrading.html" title="2.11 Upgrading MySQL">Section 2.11, “Upgrading MySQL”</a>, for instructions on determining
          whether any such incompatibilities apply to your installation
          and how to handle them.
</p>
</div>
<p>
        Use <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> like this:
</p>
<div class="orderedlist">
<ol class="orderedlist" type="1"><li class="listitem"><p>
            Ensure that the server is running.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
            Invoke <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> to upgrade the
            system tables in the <code class="literal">mysql</code> schema and
            check and repair tables in other schemas:
          </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-terminal one-line"><code class="language-terminal">shell&gt; mysql_upgrade [<em class="replaceable">options</em>]</code></pre></li><li class="listitem"><p>
            Stop the server and restart it so that any system table
            changes take effect.
</p></li></ol>
</div>
<p>
        If you have multiple MySQL server instances to upgrade, invoke
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> with connection parameters
        appropriate for connecting to each of the desired servers. For
        example, with servers running on the local host on parts 3306
        through 3308, upgrade each of them by connecting to the
        appropriate port:
      </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-terminal"><code class="language-terminal">shell&gt; mysql_upgrade --protocol=tcp -P 3306 [<em class="replaceable">other_options</em>]
shell&gt; mysql_upgrade --protocol=tcp -P 3307 [<em class="replaceable">other_options</em>]
shell&gt; mysql_upgrade --protocol=tcp -P 3308 [<em class="replaceable">other_options</em>]</code></pre><p>
        For local host connections on Unix, the
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_protocol"><code class="option">--protocol=tcp</code></a> option
        forces a connection using TCP/IP rather than the Unix socket
        file.
      </p><p>
        By default, <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> runs as the MySQL
        <code class="literal">root</code> user. If the <code class="literal">root</code>
        password is expired when you run
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a>, you will see a message that
        your password is expired and that
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> failed as a result. To correct
        this, reset the <code class="literal">root</code> password to unexpire it
        and run <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> again. First, connect
        to the server as <code class="literal">root</code>:
      </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-terminal"><code class="language-terminal">shell&gt; mysql -u root -p
Enter password: ****  &lt;- enter root password here</code></pre><p>
        Reset the password using <a class="link" href="alter-user.html" title="13.7.1.1 ALTER USER Syntax"><code class="literal">ALTER
        USER</code></a>:
      </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-sql one-line"><code class="language-sql">mysql&gt; ALTER USER USER() IDENTIFIED BY '<em class="replaceable">root-password</em>';</code></pre><p>
        Then exit <a class="link" href="mysql.html" title="4.5.1 mysql — The MySQL Command-Line Client"><span class="command"><strong>mysql</strong></span></a> and run
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> again:
      </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-terminal one-line"><code class="language-terminal">shell&gt; mysql_upgrade [<em class="replaceable">options</em>]</code></pre>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">

<div class="admon-title">
Note
</div>
<p>
          If you run the server with the
          <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_disabled_storage_engines"><code class="literal">disabled_storage_engines</code></a>
          system variable set to disable certain storage engines (for
          example, <code class="literal">MyISAM</code>),
          <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> might fail with an error like
          this:
        </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-simple"><code class="language-simple">mysql_upgrade: [ERROR] 3161: Storage engine MyISAM is disabled
(Table creation is disallowed).</code></pre><p>
          To handle this, restart the server with
          <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_disabled_storage_engines"><code class="literal">disabled_storage_engines</code></a>
          disabled. Then you should be able to run
          <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> successfully. After that,
          restart the server with
          <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_disabled_storage_engines"><code class="literal">disabled_storage_engines</code></a> set
          to its original value.
</p>
</div>
<p>
        Unless invoked with the
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_upgrade-system-tables"><code class="option">--upgrade-system-tables</code></a>
        option, <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> processes all tables in
        all user schemas as necessary. Table checking might take a long
        time to complete. Each table is locked and therefore unavailable
        to other sessions while it is being processed. Check and repair
        operations can be time-consuming, particularly for large tables.
        Table checking uses the <code class="literal">FOR UPGRADE</code> option of
        the <a class="link" href="check-table.html" title="13.7.3.2 CHECK TABLE Syntax"><code class="literal">CHECK TABLE</code></a> statement. For
        details about what this option entails, see
        <a class="xref" href="check-table.html" title="13.7.3.2 CHECK TABLE Syntax">Section 13.7.3.2, “CHECK TABLE Syntax”</a>.
      </p><p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> marks all checked and repaired
        tables with the current MySQL version number. This ensures that
        the next time you run <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> with the
        same version of the server, it can be determined whether there
        is any need to check or repair a given table again.
      </p><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290797392"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290795904"></a><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290794416"></a><p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> saves the MySQL version number
        in a file named <code class="filename">mysql_upgrade_info</code> in the
        data directory. This is used to quickly check whether all tables
        have been checked for this release so that table-checking can be
        skipped. To ignore this file and perform the check regardless,
        use the <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_force"><code class="option">--force</code></a> option.
</p>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">

<div class="admon-title">
Note
</div>
<p>
          The <code class="filename">mysql_upgrade_info</code> file is deprecated
          and will be removed in a future MySQL version.
</p>
</div>
<p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> checks
        <code class="literal">mysql.user</code> system table rows and, for any row
        with an empty <code class="literal">plugin</code> column, sets that column
        to <code class="literal">'mysql_native_password'</code> if the credentials
        use a hash format compatible with that plugin. Rows with a
        pre-4.1 password hash must be upgraded manually.
      </p><p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> does not upgrade the contents
        of the time zone tables or help tables. For upgrade
        instructions, see <a class="xref" href="time-zone-support.html" title="5.1.13 MySQL Server Time Zone Support">Section 5.1.13, “MySQL Server Time Zone Support”</a>, and
        <a class="xref" href="server-side-help-support.html" title="5.1.14 Server-Side Help Support">Section 5.1.14, “Server-Side Help Support”</a>.
      </p><p>
        Unless invoked with the
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_skip-sys-schema"><code class="option">--skip-sys-schema</code></a> option,
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> installs the
        <code class="literal">sys</code> schema if it is not installed, and
        upgrades it to the current version otherwise. An error occurs if
        a <code class="literal">sys</code> schema exists but has no
        <code class="literal">version</code> view, on the assumption that its
        absence indicates a user-created schema:
      </p><pre class="programlisting copytoclipboard line-numbers language-none"><code class="language-none">A sys schema exists with no sys.version view. If
you have a user created sys schema, this must be renamed for the
upgrade to succeed.</code></pre><p>
        To upgrade in this case, remove or rename the existing
        <code class="literal">sys</code> schema first.
      </p><p>
        <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> supports the following options,
        which can be specified on the command line or in the
        <code class="literal">[mysql_upgrade]</code> and
        <code class="literal">[client]</code> groups of an option file. For
        information about option files used by MySQL programs, see
        <a class="xref" href="option-files.html" title="4.2.2.2 Using Option Files">Section 4.2.2.2, “Using Option Files”</a>.
</p>
<div class="table">
<a name="idm139663290769648"></a><p class="title"><b>Table 4.9 mysql_upgrade Options</b></p>
<div class="table-contents">
<table frame="box" rules="all" summary="Command-line options available for mysql_upgrade."><col width="31%"><col width="56%"><col width="12%"><thead><tr><th scope="col">Option Name</th>
<th scope="col">Description</th>
<th scope="col">Introduced</th>
</tr></thead><tbody><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_bind-address">--bind-address</a></td>
<td>Use specified network interface to connect to MySQL Server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_character-sets-dir">--character-sets-dir</a></td>
<td>Directory where character sets are installed</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_compress">--compress</a></td>
<td>Compress all information sent between client and server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug">--debug</a></td>
<td>Write debugging log</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug-check">--debug-check</a></td>
<td>Print debugging information when program exits</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug-info">--debug-info</a></td>
<td>Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_default-auth">--default-auth</a></td>
<td>Authentication plugin to use</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_default-character-set">--default-character-set</a></td>
<td>Specify default character set</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-extra-file">--defaults-extra-file</a></td>
<td>Read named option file in addition to usual option files</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-file">--defaults-file</a></td>
<td>Read only named option file</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-group-suffix">--defaults-group-suffix</a></td>
<td>Option group suffix value</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_force">--force</a></td>
<td>Force execution even if mysql_upgrade has already been executed for current MySQL version</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_get-server-public-key">--get-server-public-key</a></td>
<td>Request RSA public key from server</td>
<td>8.0.3</td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_help">--help</a></td>
<td>Display help message and exit</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_host">--host</a></td>
<td>Connect to MySQL server on given host</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_login-path">--login-path</a></td>
<td>Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_max-allowed-packet">--max-allowed-packet</a></td>
<td>Maximum packet length to send to or receive from server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_net-buffer-length">--net-buffer-length</a></td>
<td>Buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_no-defaults">--no-defaults</a></td>
<td>Read no option files</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_password">--password</a></td>
<td>Password to use when connecting to server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_pipe">--pipe</a></td>
<td>Connect to server using named pipe (Windows only)</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_plugin-dir">--plugin-dir</a></td>
<td>Directory where plugins are installed</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_port">--port</a></td>
<td>TCP/IP port number for connection</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_print-defaults">--print-defaults</a></td>
<td>Print default options</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_protocol">--protocol</a></td>
<td>Connection protocol to use</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_server-public-key-path">--server-public-key-path</a></td>
<td>Path name to file containing RSA public key</td>
<td>8.0.4</td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_shared-memory-base-name">--shared-memory-base-name</a></td>
<td>Name of shared memory to use for shared-memory connections</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_skip-sys-schema">--skip-sys-schema</a></td>
<td>Do not install or upgrade sys schema</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_socket">--socket</a></td>
<td>The Unix socket file or Windows named pipe to use</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-ca</a></td>
<td>File that contains list of trusted SSL Certificate Authorities</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-capath</a></td>
<td>Directory that contains trusted SSL Certificate Authority certificate files</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-cert</a></td>
<td>File that contains X.509 certificate</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-cipher</a></td>
<td>Permissible ciphers for connection encryption</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-crl</a></td>
<td>File that contains certificate revocation lists</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-crlpath</a></td>
<td>Directory that contains certificate revocation-list files</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode">--ssl-fips-mode</a></td>
<td>Whether to enable FIPS mode on client side</td>
<td>8.0.11</td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-key</a></td>
<td>File that contains X.509 key</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl">--ssl-mode</a></td>
<td>Desired security state of connection to server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_tls-ciphersuites">--tls-ciphersuites</a></td>
<td>Permissible TLSv1.3 ciphersuites for encrypted connections</td>
<td>8.0.16</td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_tls-version">--tls-version</a></td>
<td>Permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_upgrade-system-tables">--upgrade-system-tables</a></td>
<td>Update only system tables, not user schemas</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_user">--user</a></td>
<td>MySQL user name to use when connecting to server</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_verbose">--verbose</a></td>
<td>Verbose mode</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_version-check">--version-check</a></td>
<td>Check for proper server version</td>
<td></td>
</tr><tr><td scope="row"><a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_write-binlog">--write-binlog</a></td>
<td>Write all statements to binary log</td>
<td></td>
</tr></tbody></table>
</div>

</div>
<br class="table-break">
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_help"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290592528"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290591040"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_help"><code class="option">--help</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Display a short help message and exit.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_bind-address"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290586896"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290585408"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_bind-address"><code class="option">--bind-address=<em class="replaceable"><code>ip_address</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            On a computer having multiple network interfaces, use this
            option to select which interface to use for connecting to
            the MySQL server.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_character-sets-dir"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290580864"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290579408"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_character-sets-dir"><code class="option">--character-sets-dir=<em class="replaceable"><code>dir_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The directory where character sets are installed. See
            <a class="xref" href="charset-configuration.html" title="10.14 Character Set Configuration">Section 10.14, “Character Set Configuration”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_compress"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290574160"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290572672"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_compress"><code class="option">--compress</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-C</code>
          </p><p>
            Compress all information sent between the client and the
            server if possible. See
            <a class="xref" href="connection-compression-control.html" title="4.2.6 Connection Compression Control">Section 4.2.6, “Connection Compression Control”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_debug"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290567376"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290565888"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug"><code class="option">--debug[=<em class="replaceable"><code>debug_options</code></em>]</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-#
            [<em class="replaceable"><code>debug_options</code></em>]</code>
          </p><p>
            Write a debugging log. A typical
            <em class="replaceable"><code>debug_options</code></em> string is
            <code class="literal">d:t:o,<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code>.
            The default is
            <code class="literal">d:t:O,/tmp/mysql_upgrade.trace</code>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_debug-check"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290558240"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290556752"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug-check"><code class="option">--debug-check</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Print some debugging information when the program exits.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_debug-info"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290552592"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290551104"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_debug-info"><code class="option">--debug-info</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-T</code>
          </p><p>
            Print debugging information and memory and CPU usage
            statistics when the program exits.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_default-auth"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290546480"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290544992"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_default-auth"><code class="option">--default-auth=<em class="replaceable"><code>plugin</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            A hint about which client-side authentication plugin to use.
            See <a class="xref" href="pluggable-authentication.html" title="6.2.17 Pluggable Authentication">Section 6.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_default-character-set"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290539728"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290538272"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_default-character-set"><code class="option">--default-character-set=<em class="replaceable"><code>charset_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            Use <em class="replaceable"><code>charset_name</code></em> as the default
            character set. See <a class="xref" href="charset-configuration.html" title="10.14 Character Set Configuration">Section 10.14, “Character Set Configuration”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-extra-file"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290532640"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290531136"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-extra-file"><code class="option">--defaults-extra-file=<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            Read this option file after the global option file but (on
            Unix) before the user option file. If the file does not
            exist or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs.
            <em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em> is interpreted relative
            to the current directory if given as a relative path name
            rather than a full path name.
          </p><p>
            For additional information about this and other option-file
            options, see <a class="xref" href="option-file-options.html" title="4.2.2.3 Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling">Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-file"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290524768"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290523280"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-file"><code class="option">--defaults-file=<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            Use only the given option file. If the file does not exist
            or is otherwise inaccessible, an error occurs.
            <em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em> is interpreted relative
            to the current directory if given as a relative path name
            rather than a full path name.
          </p><p>
            For additional information about this and other option-file
            options, see <a class="xref" href="option-file-options.html" title="4.2.2.3 Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling">Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-group-suffix"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290516976"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290515472"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-group-suffix"><code class="option">--defaults-group-suffix=<em class="replaceable"><code>str</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            Read not only the usual option groups, but also groups with
            the usual names and a suffix of
            <em class="replaceable"><code>str</code></em>. For example,
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> normally reads the
            <code class="literal">[client]</code> and
            <code class="literal">[mysql_upgrade]</code> groups. If the
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_defaults-group-suffix"><code class="option">--defaults-group-suffix=_other</code></a>
            option is given, <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> also reads
            the <code class="literal">[client_other]</code> and
            <code class="literal">[mysql_upgrade_other]</code> groups.
          </p><p>
            For additional information about this and other option-file
            options, see <a class="xref" href="option-file-options.html" title="4.2.2.3 Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling">Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_force"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290502912"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290501424"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_force"><code class="option">--force</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Ignore the <code class="filename">mysql_upgrade_info</code> file and
            force execution even if <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> has
            already been executed for the current version of MySQL.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_get-server-public-key"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290495216"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290493712"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_get-server-public-key"><code class="option">--get-server-public-key</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Request from the server the public key required for RSA key
            pair-based password exchange. This option applies to clients
            that authenticate with the
            <code class="literal">caching_sha2_password</code> authentication
            plugin. For that plugin, the server does not send the public
            key unless requested. This option is ignored for accounts
            that do not authenticate with that plugin. It is also
            ignored if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is
            the case when the client connects to the server using a
            secure connection.
          </p><p>
            If
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_server-public-key-path"><code class="option">--server-public-key-path=<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code></a>
            is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes
            precedence over
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_get-server-public-key"><code class="option">--get-server-public-key</code></a>.
          </p><p>
            For information about the
            <code class="literal">caching_sha2_password</code> plugin, see
            <a class="xref" href="caching-sha2-pluggable-authentication.html" title="6.4.1.3 Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication">Section 6.4.1.3, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_host"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290483536"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290482048"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_host"><code class="option">--host=<em class="replaceable"><code>host_name</code></em></code></a>,
            <code class="option">-h <em class="replaceable"><code>host_name</code></em></code>
          </p><p>
            Connect to the MySQL server on the given host.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_login-path"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290476912"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290475424"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_login-path"><code class="option">--login-path=<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            Read options from the named login path in the
            <code class="filename">.mylogin.cnf</code> login path file. A
            <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">login path</span>”</span> is an option group containing
            options that specify which MySQL server to connect to and
            which account to authenticate as. To create or modify a
            login path file, use the
            <a class="link" href="mysql-config-editor.html" title="4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_config_editor</strong></span></a> utility. See
            <a class="xref" href="mysql-config-editor.html" title="4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility">Section 4.6.7, “<span class="command"><strong>mysql_config_editor</strong></span> — MySQL Configuration Utility”</a>.
          </p><p>
            For additional information about this and other option-file
            options, see <a class="xref" href="option-file-options.html" title="4.2.2.3 Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling">Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_max-allowed-packet"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290466512"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290465040"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_max-allowed-packet"><code class="option">--max-allowed-packet=<em class="replaceable"><code>value</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The maximum size of the buffer for client/server
            communication. The default value is 24MB. The minimum and
            maximum values are 4KB and 2GB.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_net-buffer-length"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290460416"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290458960"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_net-buffer-length"><code class="option">--net-buffer-length=<em class="replaceable"><code>value</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The initial size of the buffer for client/server
            communication. The default value is 1MB − 1KB. The
            minimum and maximum values are 4KB and 16MB.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_no-defaults"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290454144"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290452656"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_no-defaults"><code class="option">--no-defaults</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Do not read any option files. If program startup fails due
            to reading unknown options from an option file,
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_no-defaults"><code class="option">--no-defaults</code></a> can be
            used to prevent them from being read.
          </p><p>
            The exception is that the <code class="filename">.mylogin.cnf</code>
            file, if it exists, is read in all cases. This permits
            passwords to be specified in a safer way than on the command
            line even when
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_no-defaults"><code class="option">--no-defaults</code></a> is used.
            (<code class="filename">.mylogin.cnf</code> is created by the
            <a class="link" href="mysql-config-editor.html" title="4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_config_editor</strong></span></a> utility. See
            <a class="xref" href="mysql-config-editor.html" title="4.6.7 mysql_config_editor — MySQL Configuration Utility">Section 4.6.7, “<span class="command"><strong>mysql_config_editor</strong></span> — MySQL Configuration Utility”</a>.)
          </p><p>
            For additional information about this and other option-file
            options, see <a class="xref" href="option-file-options.html" title="4.2.2.3 Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling">Section 4.2.2.3, “Command-Line Options that Affect Option-File Handling”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_password"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290441328"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290439840"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_password"><code class="option">--password[=<em class="replaceable"><code>password</code></em>]</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-p[<em class="replaceable"><code>password</code></em>]</code>
          </p><p>
            The password of the MySQL account used for connecting to the
            server. The password value is optional. If not given,
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> prompts for one. If given,
            there must be <span class="emphasis"><em>no space</em></span> between
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_password"><code class="option">--password=</code></a> or
            <code class="option">-p</code> and the password following it. If no
            password option is specified, the default is to send no
            password.
          </p><p>
            Specifying a password on the command line should be
            considered insecure. To avoid giving the password on the
            command line, use an option file. See
            <a class="xref" href="password-security-user.html" title="6.1.2.1 End-User Guidelines for Password Security">Section 6.1.2.1, “End-User Guidelines for Password Security”</a>.
          </p><p>
            To explicitly specify that there is no password and that
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> should not prompt for one,
            use the
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_password"><code class="option">--skip-password</code></a>
            option.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_pipe"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290427072"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290425584"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_pipe"><code class="option">--pipe</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-W</code>
          </p><p>
            On Windows, connect to the server using a named pipe. This
            option applies only if the server was started with the
            <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_named_pipe"><code class="literal">named_pipe</code></a> system variable
            enabled to support named-pipe connections. In addition, the
            user making the connection must be a member of the Windows
            group specified by the
            <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_named_pipe_full_access_group"><code class="literal">named_pipe_full_access_group</code></a>
            system variable.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_plugin-dir"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290418208"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290416720"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_plugin-dir"><code class="option">--plugin-dir=<em class="replaceable"><code>dir_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The directory in which to look for plugins. Specify this
            option if the
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_default-auth"><code class="option">--default-auth</code></a> option
            is used to specify an authentication plugin but
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> does not find it. See
            <a class="xref" href="pluggable-authentication.html" title="6.2.17 Pluggable Authentication">Section 6.2.17, “Pluggable Authentication”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_port"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290409232"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290407744"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_port"><code class="option">--port=<em class="replaceable"><code>port_num</code></em></code></a>,
            <code class="option">-P <em class="replaceable"><code>port_num</code></em></code>
          </p><p>
            For TCP/IP connections, the port number to use.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_print-defaults"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290402608"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290401120"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_print-defaults"><code class="option">--print-defaults</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Print the program name and all options that it gets from
            option files.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_protocol"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290396928"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290395440"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_protocol"><code class="option">--protocol={TCP|SOCKET|PIPE|MEMORY}</code></a>
          </p><p>
            The connection protocol to use for connecting to the server.
            It is useful when the other connection parameters normally
            result in use of a protocol other than the one you want. For
            details on the permissible values, see
            <a class="xref" href="connecting.html" title="4.2.4 Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options">Section 4.2.4, “Connecting to the MySQL Server Using Command Options”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_server-public-key-path"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290390336"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290388832"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_server-public-key-path"><code class="option">--server-public-key-path=<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The path name to a file containing a client-side copy of the
            public key required by the server for RSA key pair-based
            password exchange. The file must be in PEM format. This
            option applies to clients that authenticate with the
            <code class="literal">sha256_password</code> or
            <code class="literal">caching_sha2_password</code> authentication
            plugin. This option is ignored for accounts that do not
            authenticate with one of those plugins. It is also ignored
            if RSA-based password exchange is not used, as is the case
            when the client connects to the server using a secure
            connection.
          </p><p>
            If
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_server-public-key-path"><code class="option">--server-public-key-path=<em class="replaceable"><code>file_name</code></em></code></a>
            is given and specifies a valid public key file, it takes
            precedence over
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_get-server-public-key"><code class="option">--get-server-public-key</code></a>.
          </p><p>
            For <code class="literal">sha256_password</code>, this option applies
            only if MySQL was built using OpenSSL.
          </p><p>
            For information about the <code class="literal">sha256_password</code>
            and <code class="literal">caching_sha2_password</code> plugins, see
            <a class="xref" href="sha256-pluggable-authentication.html" title="6.4.1.2 SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication">Section 6.4.1.2, “SHA-256 Pluggable Authentication”</a>, and
            <a class="xref" href="caching-sha2-pluggable-authentication.html" title="6.4.1.3 Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication">Section 6.4.1.3, “Caching SHA-2 Pluggable Authentication”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_shared-memory-base-name"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290374912"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290373456"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_shared-memory-base-name"><code class="option">--shared-memory-base-name=<em class="replaceable"><code>name</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            On Windows, the shared-memory name to use, for connections
            made using shared memory to a local server. The default
            value is <code class="literal">MYSQL</code>. The shared-memory name is
            case-sensitive.
          </p><p>
            This option applies only if the server was started with the
            <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_shared_memory"><code class="literal">shared_memory</code></a> system
            variable enabled to support shared-memory connections.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_skip-sys-schema"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290366336"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290364848"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_skip-sys-schema"><code class="option">--skip-sys-schema</code></a>
          </p><p>
            By default, <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> installs the
            <code class="literal">sys</code> schema if it is not installed, and
            upgrades it to the current version otherwise. The
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_skip-sys-schema"><code class="option">--skip-sys-schema</code></a>
            option suppresses this behavior.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_socket"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290357664"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290356176"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_socket"><code class="option">--socket=<em class="replaceable"><code>path</code></em></code></a>,
            <code class="option">-S <em class="replaceable"><code>path</code></em></code>
          </p><p>
            For connections to <code class="literal">localhost</code>, the Unix
            socket file to use, or, on Windows, the name of the named
            pipe to use.
          </p><p>
            On Windows, this option applies only if the server was
            started with the <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_named_pipe"><code class="literal">named_pipe</code></a>
            system variable enabled to support named-pipe connections.
            In addition, the user making the connection must be a member
            of the Windows group specified by the
            <a class="link" href="server-system-variables.html#sysvar_named_pipe_full_access_group"><code class="literal">named_pipe_full_access_group</code></a>
            system variable.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_ssl"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290347024"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290345536"></a>

            <code class="option">--ssl*</code>
          </p><p>
            Options that begin with
            <a class="link" href="connection-options.html#option_general_ssl"><code class="option">--ssl</code></a> specify whether to
            connect to the server using SSL and indicate where to find
            SSL keys and certificates. See
            <a class="xref" href="connection-options.html#encrypted-connection-options" title="Command Options for Encrypted Connections">Command Options for Encrypted Connections</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"></a>
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"><code class="option">--ssl-fips-mode={OFF|ON|STRICT}</code></a>
          </p><a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290339104"></a><p>
            Controls whether to enable FIPS mode on the client side. The
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"><code class="option">--ssl-fips-mode</code></a> option
            differs from other
            <code class="option">--ssl-<em class="replaceable"><code>xxx</code></em></code>
            options in that it is not used to establish encrypted
            connections, but rather to affect which cryptographic
            operations are permitted. See <a class="xref" href="fips-mode.html" title="6.5 FIPS Support">Section 6.5, “FIPS Support”</a>.
          </p><p>
            These <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"><code class="option">--ssl-fips-mode</code></a>
            values are permitted:
</p>
<div class="itemizedlist">
<ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; "><li class="listitem"><p>
                <code class="literal">OFF</code>: Disable FIPS mode.
              </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
                <code class="literal">ON</code>: Enable FIPS mode.
              </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
                <code class="literal">STRICT</code>: Enable <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">strict</span>”</span>
                FIPS mode.
</p></li></ul>
</div>
<div class="note" style="margin-left: 0.5in; margin-right: 0.5in;">
<div class="admon-title">
Note
</div>
<p>
              If the OpenSSL FIPS Object Module is not available, the
              only permitted value for
              <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"><code class="option">--ssl-fips-mode</code></a> is
              <code class="literal">OFF</code>. In this case, setting
              <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_ssl-fips-mode"><code class="option">--ssl-fips-mode</code></a> to
              <code class="literal">ON</code> or <code class="literal">STRICT</code> causes
              the client to produce a warning at startup and to operate
              in non-FIPS mode.
</p>
</div>
</li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_tls-ciphersuites"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290321984"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290320496"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_tls-ciphersuites"><code class="option">--tls-ciphersuites=<em class="replaceable"><code>ciphersuite_list</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            For client programs, specifies which TLSv1.3 ciphersuites
            the client permits for encrypted connections. The value is a
            list of one or more colon-separated ciphersuite names. The
            ciphersuites that can be named for this option depend on the
            SSL library used to compile MySQL. For details, see
            <a class="xref" href="encrypted-connection-protocols-ciphers.html" title="6.3.5 Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers">Section 6.3.5, “Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers”</a>.
          </p><p>
            This option was added in MySQL 8.0.16.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_tls-version"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290314592"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290313104"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_tls-version"><code class="option">--tls-version=<em class="replaceable"><code>protocol_list</code></em></code></a>
          </p><p>
            The permissible TLS protocols for encrypted connections. The
            value is a list of one or more comma-separated protocol
            names. The protocols that can be named for this option
            depend on the SSL library used to compile MySQL. For
            details, see
            <a class="xref" href="encrypted-connection-protocols-ciphers.html" title="6.3.5 Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers">Section 6.3.5, “Encrypted Connection Protocols and Ciphers”</a>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_upgrade-system-tables"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290307632"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290306176"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_upgrade-system-tables"><code class="option">--upgrade-system-tables</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-s</code>
          </p><p>
            Upgrade only the system tables in the
            <code class="literal">mysql</code> schema, do not upgrade user
            schemas.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_user"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290300768"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290299280"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_user"><code class="option">--user=<em class="replaceable"><code>user_name</code></em></code></a>,
            <code class="option">-u <em class="replaceable"><code>user_name</code></em></code>
          </p><p>
            The user name of the MySQL account to use for connecting to
            the server. The default user name is
            <code class="literal">root</code>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_verbose"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290293360"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290291872"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_verbose"><code class="option">--verbose</code></a>
          </p><p>
            Verbose mode. Print more information about what the program
            does.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_version-check"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290287696"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290286208"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_version-check"><code class="option">--version-check</code></a>,
            <code class="option">-k</code>
          </p><p>
            Check the version of the server to which
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> is connecting to verify
            that it is the same as the version for which
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> was built. If not,
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> exits. This option is
            enabled by default; to disable the check, use
            <code class="option">--skip-version-check</code>.
          </p></li><li class="listitem"><p><a name="option_mysql_upgrade_write-binlog"></a>
            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290277280"></a>

            <a class="indexterm" name="idm139663290275792"></a>

            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_write-binlog"><code class="option">--write-binlog</code></a>
          </p><p>
            By default, binary logging by
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a> is disabled. Invoke the
            program with
            <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html#option_mysql_upgrade_write-binlog"><code class="option">--write-binlog</code></a> if you
            want its actions to be written to the binary log.
          </p><p>
            When the server is running with global transaction
            identifiers (GTIDs) enabled
            (<a class="link" href="replication-options-gtids.html#sysvar_gtid_mode"><code class="literal">gtid_mode=ON</code></a>), do not
            enable binary logging by <a class="link" href="mysql-upgrade.html" title="4.4.5 mysql_upgrade — Check and Upgrade MySQL Tables"><span class="command"><strong>mysql_upgrade</strong></span></a>.
</p></li></ul>
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                <a href="/doc/mysql-replication-excerpt/8.0/en/">MySQL Replication</a><br />
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